FRANCE MOBILIZED 165,000 WEST AFRICANS TO HELP FIGHT THE HORRIFIC BATTLES OF 1917.
« Il faut y aller avec tous les moyens et ne pas ménager le sang noir, pour conserver un peu le blanc » wrote Commander-in-Chief Robert Nivelle. One fourth of the troops were killed, their bodies were not returned to their families and it was only in the 1990's that rare survivors were given a pension.
I learned by chance of an African commemoration. Here it is.
The dignity of the event was imposing. I did not understand the speeches, given in Wolof, but did grasp a phrase in French that mentioned, courage, loyalty and resilience.
Striking too were the remarkable costumes of many participants.
Participants photographed the ceremony.
A photographer for an African television station...



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